A geothermal heat pump is packaged in a single cabinet that includes the compressor, the refrigerant heat exchanger and various other controls. The system uses the earth as a heat source and a heat sink, taking advantage of the earth’s relatively constant temperature of 40 to 55 degrees year round, at depths below four feet. The system circulates a water/antifreeze solution through a closed loop of polyethylene pipe buried in the ground or set beneath the water. Depending on the cycle under which the system is operating, the solution either adds or extracts heat from the heat exchanger in the heat pump cabinet.
In order to extend the life of a geothermal heating/cooling unit, heat pump maintenance is essential. Heat pumps are frequently used as a replacement for an air conditioner or furnace. It is designed to take heat and move it from one area to another, generally from the outside to the inside of a dwelling. When working to cool, it will take the heated air from within a home and transfer it outside, and vice versa when working to heat. In cooler climates it can also be combined with a furnace, but a heat pump works best in temperate areas.
An annual geothermal heating/cooling inspection is a very important part of the heat pump maintenance. It is recommended that you conduct an inspection on an annual basis, however you should check with the manufacturer instructions for any differences and specifications.
Furthermore, heat pump maintenance includes changing or cleaning filters each month, and making sure outside elements are not interfering with its operation. This part is particularly important for allergy sufferers because dirt and dust will only make any allergy worse. In addition, dirt and debris will force these units to work harder, drawing more energy to operate. If there is debris around it, the unit will become less efficient and will eventually get damaged. During harsher weather conditions, a thorough check may be required more often.
Geothermal heating and cooling systems have gained popularity due to their quiet operation and longevity. On the other hand, as they work with heat from the earth they require drilling, so the cost of a geothermal heat unit is rather steep.